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A declarative programming language means that instead of writing your program as perhaps a series of steps (called imperative programming) or as a series of mathematical functions (functional style) you instead describe what kind of output you want, and the system you are using interprets your desired output into the necessary operations.

This interpretation from desired output to implementation is generally hidden, but as the sophistication of what you may be trying to do increases understanding this interpretation and in some cases being able to troubleshoot or even guide it becomes more important. For example the SQL language you are learning is understood to be interpreted by the system in a certain processing order.